Friday 30 March 2018

Literature Review


After reading Literature for 5 Years, today the time comes to reflect my learning and understanding that grows with Literature. It is the time to look back and see how much literature affects me and bring change in myself.

                      


What is Literature ?


Literature is a ocean that one cannot define its vastness but still I have try to put my experiences of reading literature into limited words. There are so many definitions of Literature like ‘it is the mirror of the society’ which I also believe when I am in graduation but after completing master’ study I gain deeper sense of the literature.

‘Literature is the thermometer which measured the health of the society.’

Literature is a way to know about particular culture, society or time span like Tom John which reflects the society of that time. It is the zeitgeist of time that every writer tries to reflect.
     
    
    How Literature Shape me ? 

     Literature is for self help which cure people as we find that there are many self help books which inspire people and guide them to come out from any problem as in One Night @ the Call Center, there is the God’s message about four important things that everybody should do in life to became successful that are Imagination, intelligence, selfconfidence and Failure this all have also help me a lot in my learning process where I never lose my self confidence whatever others are speaking/thinking about me. Harry Potter which is not only children’s literature but give many messages to us and portraying the dark realities of life about class conflicts. A dialogue of Dumbledore about Choice inspire me a lot that is,

‘It is our choices, Harry, that show what we truly are, far more than our abilities’

This line says abilities are same in all people but it’s up to us that what we chose good/evil.
The Sense of an Ending taught me to doubt everything even my memory that what I remember from my past is not whole truth. History created in same manner that what bits and pieces that remembered from events is written. In Post Truth era, doubting the things is important skill which comes from this text with example of Tony Webster’s Story. Adiga’s dark and real image about India where he criticize many aspects like Education system as another Jungle which is real picture of school in  While studying the various theories of literature, I come to know about the Queer theory which talks about the marginal genders like Lesbian, Gay or Third Gender which considers as taboo subject  to discuss in society but I expand my understanding about this on which I have done research work which give me the new insight to look towards these people otherwise before proper understanding of their representation in literature as well as movies and how they are treated by society, I have same opinion like other people have for these people but after reading about them deeply I can understand their agony of living life in conservative society and I start looking them as normal human beings and I also explain my family members to treat them as normal human beings as Literature’s primary function is to spread humanity and remove all discrimination which divide people in different groups like rich/poor, black/white etc.

Literature changes my perceptions about life and other people. It gives deeper implication of things. It awakes to check/recheck/narrate the things or events. Literature is about self understanding not for the understanding of the world, you can go inside yourself and know what you want and who you are? If we read literature, we became 30 years more mature than actual age as at age of 20 we think like a person of age of 50. I have experience same thing that Literature make me mature at very Young age as I got the deeper meaning of living life and face many problems and troubles as a girl but I became stronger to stand on my feet. When I am in graduation our sir used to say that who are facing challenges and problems at very young age they became mature.

Existentialism is my quit interesting topic as it gave me the deeper understanding of my existence in this world that for which purpose I am living. Let me share my experience when this topic taught in the classroom, before a day I met with some problems and lost my hope and out of the sorrow or as a part of cathartic feelings I wrote one FB post which reflects my agony on next day this topic taught by Dilipsir and he always used to say that never show your sorrow to the people because they feel happy by reading it. I got hope and new sight to look and treat with the problems that coming towards me and I learn fight for my right.

વિશ્વ વિશ્વ છે. પણ વ્યક્તિમાત્રને થાય છે --હું હું છું. હું ભલે દુનિયામાં છુંપણ મારી પોતાની એક દુનિયા છે. (Suman Shah)

ચૉઇસ”-ના ચાર સવાલ પાસેથી મારા સ્વાતન્ત્ર્યનું સ્વરૂપ જવાબદારી” બની જાય છે –“રીસ્પૉન્સિબિલિટી”. સમજાવા લાગે છે કેસ્વાતન્ત્ર્ય” અને જવાબદારી” એક સિક્કાની બે બાજુઓ છે. સ્વતન્ત્ર રહીને પણ જવાબદાર રહેવાય. જવાબદાર રહેવાથી પણ સ્વતન્ત્ર રહેવાય... (ક્રમશ:)(Suman Shah)
     
These lines by Suman Shah have touch my heart and change my perception to looking towards life and also taught me the way to free life along with all the responsibilities that everyone has to perform in life. Through this I can that Literature adds rhythm to life and give me new life.

Feminism catch attention of most of the people but very less among them can apply into their real life or in patriarchal set up. I am lucky that I can apply it in my life and family as in my family; there is an authority in my mother’s hand. First at home, as elder then my brother I have to perform my responsibilities but along with that I have done a job in a School with studies as a sense of an economic independence. Second at department, I performed my responsibilities as a GS to manage events and functions, preparations for guest lectures, keep record of all attendance and many more alone. These all deep philosophies are one or other way give the hint to deal with many aspects of life.

Literature help me to read the mind/psychology of human beings as there are many characters in literary texts who behave in certain manner or in particular situation which give us idea that what they want, same in real life there are many people who behave in strange manner but we can understand reason behind it.

I can free myself from the chain of society and can be the free thinker rather than what other thinks with the reading of the literature. It helps me to come in the category of People from the Sheeple as my thinking process became different from what layman thinks that literature taught me. Robert Frost’s lines

The woods are lovely, dark and deep
But I have promises to keep,
And miles to go before I sleep,
And miles to go before I sleep.

These lines taught me to move forward in life as there are so many other promises or responsibilities to be done by us in future so we can’t stay at one lovely place but should continuously keep on going and to pass every step of life. It may happen that in life there are so many happy moments and we want to remain there which is impossible because Life is the Journey and we can’t stop our journey in between.  

From To the Lighthouse, I motivated by the Lily Briscoe’s character as she is the free thinking lady who gives more important to her Art rather than to marriage as she said to Mrs. Ramsay that Marriage is not a success for women. As she gains her artistic vision at the end on the novel. Her character is more radical and free than that of Mrs.Ramsay, Virginia Woolf’s style of writing is difficult to understand but still new one and interesting to read which takes us into the mind of every character and reality of human relations as of Jack’s and Mr. Ramsay’s relation shown  where Jack hates his father so much which also at some level can be found in the real life relations.

How I can forget ‘Waiting For Godot’, without which the Modern Literature is uncompleted, I have read this absurd play  earlier also when I am in graduation but not with the aspects of deep understanding about things that are hidden in that play like setting is of destruction after World Wars, Godot stands for God and religious aspects come and main important thing  is Waiting  which is we are also doing but don’t know for what we are waiting. (WAITING IS ENDLESS) This play throws very strong questions of our existence in this world. As famous line, ‘Nothing happens. Nobody comes, nobody goes. It’s awful’ which reflects real thing that there is nothing in life, it’s boring. Other deep philosophical line, ‘Let’s go.” “We can’t.” “Why not?” “We’re waiting for Godot.’  Which satirizes on the people who are still waiting for salvation/Moksh or any God comes and blesses them which are illusion of the people not reality. 

Literature makes me keen observer rather than judgmental, it make me habituate to deconstruct the things that come to me and cross check it. The Birthday Party by Harold Pinter menacing me but I like the last message given by Petey in the play is wonderful that "Stan!, Don't let others to tell you what to do" which is very important to every individual artist/ people also that be the free thinker never influence by anyone and don’t let others to interfere in your life.

After reading literature, my situation is like that of the Magistrate of Waiting for the Barbarians who can’t see the injustice/torture that happen with Nomads but he is not be able to do anything because he has not  that much authority in his hand, similarly after knowing the right things and deep knowledge and understandings of wrongs of society I don’t be able to do anything because I have no any authority to do any change in that as society operates by the Power. After read literature, it’s difficult for me to adjust in conservative society but I can do my best to do change in society.

As it is said that Literature MUST BE THE AXE FOR THE FROZEN SEA INSIDE US" which broke our all wrong perceptions. Literature is like a Dry Coconut which is hard from outside that disturbs us and difficult to understand but once we get right thing which literature wants to convey to us, it became soft as inside area of coconut.
In short, Literature shape me, mold me and change me completely as compare to I was before reading literature.



                                        Related image




Thursday 15 March 2018

Report of Survey on the Usage of the Namo Tab



The Survey as a field work on the usage of the Namo Tab (provided by Government) by the students of First Year of graduation including girls and boys. As a part of Group project of Semester-4, Survey has done with the first year students of different fields like Arts at Shamldas Arts College., Commerce at SSCCM Bhavnagar and different branches of Engineering from GEC Bhavnagar. This is the practical learning experience outside the classroom which is very important part of research work.

Image result for namo tab


Process 


In order to examine that how the first year students of graduation use Namo Tab which they received from Government of Gujrat , we have done survey with students of different fields like Engineering, Commerce and Arts. For that we have prepared questionnaire as Google form to know the views and attitude of students towards technical tool like Namo Tab. First, we have done survey with engineering students from different branches like Mechanical, Civil, Production, EC and Computer engineering from where we got very different views that if  they  are using then how  and if they don’t use it what are the reasons behind that.

Online Discussion : Cultural Studies and Post colonialism


Moni Mohsin, author of the best selling social satire wrote against of the controversial questions raised and favors the literary writer Sharmeen Obaid- Chinoy, who won Academy award for her documentary, 'A girl in the river'.



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I am agree with this point, 'Of course western interest can be narrow in its focus and agenda driven. But whose is not? Instead of frothing with self-righteous rage or manufacturing hysterical conspiracy theories to justify other people’s selective interest or indifference, we would be better served to confidently define our own priorities. We have to fight our battles, celebrate our heroes and tell our stories truthfully.
And if we find that these stories shame us, then we must do something about them. But for those of us still fixated on the ‘image’ issue, it’s quite simple really: you want better PR? Improve the product.' from the following article.


Post Colonial aspects

If we see from the postcolonial perspectives, people believe that if any Indian (eastern) writer got award for their works from western countries which is portraying negative image of their own country, it's only because of west is happy to see the bad situation of eastern countries but in reality,it is not true reason for that but Eastern writers got awards for their best work which give the  real image of a country as it is not positive/negative. Every writer should have freedom of expression what they are feeling or observing in a country.

Sharmeen Obaid-Chinoy’s Academy Award for her documentary, A Girl in the River, has been much celebrated at home. Deservedly so. In this documentary, she has presented reality of women's life that how women in Pakistan are suffering by he honour killing which may bring change in women's life after showing the true picture of it. Once reality came out, we can change the bad situation but if it is still hidden we can't do anything as there are so many incidents/crimes happen with women daily which can't reported in news or by any documentary like this. This documentary only talking about Pakistan but there are so many unknown places and villages where still women are suffering which needs to came out to change it. So, this types of documentary should be made which help in bringing change.

As there are many writers who has given the bad but real image of the India like Danny Boyle’s film, Slumdog Millionaire, won big at the Oscars, talks about the Indian people, their nature and realk image of life of slum dwellers.

This single documentary has generated abroad to prompt Nawaz Sharif’s avowal to put an end to honour killings at home and embolden Imran Khan to publicly decry the practice. So this short film is became bless for Pakistani girl and it made change in Pakistani rules. So this documentary is became most important for Pakistani government for made changes in their rules.

Thank you,















Saturday 10 March 2018

Online Discussion 2017-18: Contemporary Debates and Mario Vargos Llosa

Contemporary Debates and Mario Vargos Llosa. 

 

Mario Vargos Llosa is a Peruvian writer, politician, journalist, essayist and college professor. He is one of Latin America's most significant novelists and essayists, and one of the leading writers of his generation. Some critics consider him to have had a larger international impact and worldwide audience than any other writer of the Latin American Boom. In 2010 he won the Nobel Prize in Literature, "for his cartography of structures of power and his trenchant images of the individual's resistance, revolt, and defeat". The works of Mario Vargas Llosa are viewed as both modernist and postmodernist novels.Though there is still much debate over the differences between modernist and postmodernist literature, literary scholar M. Keith Booker claims that the difficulty and technical complexity of Vargas Llosa's early works, such as The Green House and Conversation in the Cathedral, are clearly elements of the modern novel. Furthermore, these earlier novels all carry a certain seriousness of attitude—another important defining aspect of modernist art. By contrast, his later novels such as Captain Pantoja and the Special Service, Aunt Julia and the Scriptwriter, The Real Life of Alejandro Mayta, and The Storyteller (El hablador) appear to follow a postmodernist mode of writing. (Wikipedia).

Read Llosa's views on the contemporary issues Click here

Mario Vargas Llosa's views on the issues related to 'liberals', 'nationalism', 'populism', 'greatest challenge to Democracy', 'intellectual honesty', 'literature and morality', political correctness and freedom', and 'technology''technology' in classroom.

Liberals  : A supporter of liberalism, a political philosophy founded on ideas of liberty and equality, generally they support ideas and programmes such as freedom of speech, freedom of the press, freedom of religion, free markets, civil rights, democratic societies, secular governments, gender equality and international cooperation.
But at some point in their struggles they have to face the bitter social aspects in order to gain freedom as Feminist activists are constantly fighting for the rights of women, they are facing many social challenges. Third gender people are more in trouble as they are not accepted by the society as normal gender of male and female.

Nationalism: 

As per his views, Nationalism involves a kind of racism. If you believe that belonging to a certain country or nation or race or religion is a privilege, a value in itself, you believe you are superior to others which is harmful for the society and break the idea of equality among different race, caste and class. As we can see in Harry Potter that how the class according to the pure, half and mud blood operates which creates aspects of inferiority and superiority. Liberals are decline the nationalism which is the harmful for the unity or equal rights. 


'Greatest challenge to Democracy'

   It is said that India is the democratic country that all that is happen it is in control of people/public but that is an illusions not reality. What is seen is not the truth in this post truth era but it has hidden reality which operates by the powerful people/companies like now Jio has control over the public as having all data of public. People even don't have freedom of speech or to raise voice against injustice.So, Democracy is just the illusion not really present in our society.

    Thank You,







 


 

 

Friday 9 March 2018

The Sense of An Ending by Julian Barnes


Classroom thinking activity - Reading of "The Sense of an Ending" by Julian Barnes

To view full activity – click here

Here is my response to the questions,

1) What is the meaning of phrase ‘Blood Money’ in Veronica’s reply email?

  This phrase is used by the Veronica in email sent to the Tony which  has deeper meaning that means that when Sarah has given Tony a letter and 500 pounds in a will, it's may be that Sarah is happy with her relations with Adrian which is happened because of Tony that he wrote to Adrian to meet Sarah that's why this happen. Sarah may be happy with this relations but also responsible for Adrian's death. So, that money is Blood money , a cost of Adrian's death.

 2) How do you decipher the equation: b = s – v x/+ a1 or a2 + v + a1 X s = b?

         B-Baby = Sarah - Veronica + a1 Adrian In this equation, there is the absence of the a2 - Antony Webster. This one is right in the eyes of the Adrian that Antony wasn't responsible for the act and damage that is happen with Adrian (suicide), Sarah (pregnant) and Veronica has sacrifice her whole life in care of that baby and never marry. This is may be represent just a memory of the Tony.

        a2- Antony + v- Veronica + a1- Adrian x s- Sarah = b - baby . In his equation, we can say that Antony revisit the documents and realize that he is the responsible for the damage of the chain that is broken and human relations are destroyed. Antony wrote in a letter letter to meet the Veronica's mother Sarah that's why Adrian went there and relations between Sarah and Adrian happened because of the Antony's mistake. So, we can say that because of the unhealthy relations of late age woman with a young boy, the mentally unbalanced baby has to suffer and Veronica also has to sacrifice her whole life in taking care of that child. 

3) Adrian’s diary is willed to Tony by Sarah Ford. Why did Sarah Ford own it? Why was it in the possession of Veronica?

       Adrian’s diary is willed to Tony by Sarah Ford because she is happy with her relations with Adrian that is because of the Tony. Sarah Ford own Adrian's diary may be because they have relations with each other and after the death of Adrian it is with her. It is in the possession  of Veronica because she is a daughter of Sarah and all that belongs to her came in inheritance.

4) Was the mentally retarded middle aged ‘Adrian’, Tony’s friend who did not commit suicide and was suffering from trauma and thus gone mad, and was living with hidden identity?

      We can't say that mentally retarded middle age 'Adrian' who didn't commit suicide and was suffering from trauma and thus gone mad, and was living with hidden identity, no doubt once it came  in our mind but we can't believe it because as narration tells Baby of the Sarah and Adrian because of their unsuitable relations, young boy's relation with late age woman turn into tragedy as Adrian commit suicide, Baby is suffering mentally and Veronica sacrifices her life in taking care of the baby.  

o   5) How was Veronica related to Adrian, the one suffering in care-in-the-community?
    
            As Veronica is the daughter of the Sarah and Adrian and Sarah are in relationship with each other. Because of this relation of late age woman and young boy turn into tragedy as the baby that is of both is mentally weak and as a blood relations after mother's death Veronica take care of him (Adrian) who is really her brother not friend or lover.
 
    6) Do you see any missing block – some dot which is not getting connected with the      whole or dot missing to get full sense of the novel - in the plot of this psychological thriller?
      
            The novel is a psychological thriller,  there are many dots and things that can't be connected at end which is unanswered by Barnes. Many things in the novel is difficult to understand for which we need deep understanding and repetitive reading of it.
     
     Why Sarah has told bad things about her own daughter to the Tony when he visited           Veronica's home? Is it general jealousy of women or something else ?
 
     Why at last Veronica choose to be alone without getting married and take care of mother's  child while mother didn't care much about her ?
       
      Is Adrian happy or not with his relation with Sarah ? If, yes why he has done suicide ?

     What happen with Robson's girlfriend ?
     
     7) Do you see any possible reason in the suicide of Adrian Finn?
   
           Julian Barnes not clarified the exact reason behind Adrian’s death but may be out of the shame and guilt that he has affair with his girlfriend's mother (Veronica's) or may be some deep philosophical reasons behind it.
o   
     8) In the light of new revelations, how do you read character of Veronica? Instinctive, manipulative, calculating, stubborn, haughty, sacrificial, trustworthy, good Samaritan?
    
             In first part, we find her character who manipulate men, calculative and stubborn but in second part the narration is changes that suddenly we feel she is so kind that she has sacrifice her life to taking care of the baby. So, it is on the representation of the characters that make them.
 
 
·   9)What do you mean by Unreliable Narrator? Is Tony Webster classifiable as         Unreliable Narrator?
 
            Yes , Tony is an unreliable narrator, Unreliable narrator means we cannot fully trust or believe on whatever narrator said, or the narrator himself is not sure about whatever he was said. In this novel also , we find that what is said by the Tony is also not true as he times and again break himself that what he is thinking is not really true for the incident that happen bu after checking the letter he come to know that he himself is responsible for the life of Adrian, Veronica and Sarah.  
 
     Thank You