As part of Flipped Learning on the concept of Existential Philosophy, here is my views with reference of all ten videos and Articles on it.
What is Existentialism ?
Existentialism is a philosophical approach which emphasizes on the existence of an individual person as a free and responsible agent determining their own development through the acts of will. Thinking is more important to know existential philosophy that if you think that what is your purpose of living a life then you can understand the Absurdity of life. It is reaction against Rationalism, Empiricism and Positivism. It originated with Soren Kierkegaard and Nietzsche , both are known as founding Fathers of this philosophy. Kierkegaard saws rationality as mechanism that humans used to counter their existential anxiety (fear of being in this world) and also stressed that individuals must choose their own way without any universal force and Nietzsche gave statement that 'God is Dead' as he challenges the foundations of Christianity which leads to Atheism. His original notions of the 'Will to Power' as mankind's motivating principal that is his concept of Ubermensch (Superhuman) as a goal of humanity that man has superpower to do whatever they want. There are many philosopher who have contributed in this like Heidegger , Albert Camus, Simone De Beauvoir and Jean Paul Sartre.
Answer 1
અસ્તિત્વવાદ માણસને એક વ્યક્તિ રૂપે જુએ છે. પતિ-પત્ની બે હોય. પણ હકીકતમાં તો પતિ, એક મનુષ્યવ્યક્તિ. તેમ, પત્ની પણ, એક મનુષ્યવ્યક્તિ. (Suman Shah)
1) It talks about Individualism not for togetherness that 'I have my own world', 'I born Free to do whatever want to do, no one can stop us'. It based on triangle of Individualism, Passions and Freedom that do on your own don't wait for God for any help because you are your own creator and for that you should have passion to achieve something along with hard work and if you believe that God will come to help you, it is like your Philosophical Suicide. So, don't being Sheeples expand your individual thinking and create your own different world and for that individual passions and emotions are require.
વિશ્વ વિશ્વ છે. પણ વ્યક્તિમાત્રને થાય છે --હું હું છું. હું ભલે દુનિયામાં છું, પણ મારી પોતાની એક દુનિયા છે. (Suman Shah)
2) According to Albert Camus, when an individual's longing for order that clash with real world's lack of order that is the result of Absurdity. The meaning of life is not provided by any natural force but created by human actions and interpretations. He gave essay ' Myth of Sisyphus' in which he more focus on the matter of Suicide as serious philosophical suicide , he said that "An elegant suicide is the ultimate work of Art" when we start to think that life is meaningless , we drown towards suicide. video-2
3) Through 'Myth of Sisyphus' , he talked about feelings of Absurd. The reasons behind suicide are A total absence of hope, A continual Rejection and Conscious dissatisfaction from life but here he said that reason is useless, there is nothing beyond reason. To Leap from life is easy. Video-3
4) Generally, this philosophy came into existence as response to World War II because after that people started to search the meaning of life and they find that everything is Absurd in life. In Video 4, three main concept are discussed that are Dadaism, Nihilism and Existentialism, Dadaism was response to World War I as it rose up in 1916, it is against the war. It's Art movement as the Creation is primary goal of it and it leads us to questions the values like Art work of 'Fountain' by Marcel Duchamp. All these concept are different from each other.
5) After World War II, despair , anxiety and absurdity is there , Existentialism came to cure people from these feelings.
6)Existentialism and Nihilism are different , both take same road but at some point take different path.
7) "Human ! All too Human" Divine perspective V/s Human Perspective. Sartre said 'Existence precedes your Essence', man is fully responsible for his nature and choices.
8) Ubermensch, we can make our own rules, don't follow the silly rules of your parents.
9) Learning is a gift, even when pain is your teacher, to experience sufferings of life. Life asking us to experience and enjoy the sufferings of life because it integral part of life.
10) Clash between what we do, it give meaning to life and don;t give any meaning to life. The Search for answers in Answer-less world. You have to give for what you take.
Answer 2
I like Video 9 because the understanding of this philosophy is given in a very practical way by applying to life as How it affects by experience of everyday life. It affects as we think about things. Mostly I like is the 10 things / tips given that how to live life more existentially. How it affects mind and heart.
In short, Existentialism is Freedom of Choice to believe or not to believe.
“ચૉઇસ”-ના એ ચાર સવાલ પાસેથી મારા સ્વાતન્ત્ર્યનું સ્વરૂપ “જવાબદારી” બની જાય છે –“રીસ્પૉન્સિબિલિટી”. સમજાવા લાગે છે કે“સ્વાતન્ત્ર્ય” અને “જવાબદારી” એક જ સિક્કાની બે બાજુઓ છે. સ્વતન્ત્ર રહીને પણ જવાબદાર રહેવાય. જવાબદાર રહેવાથી પણ સ્વતન્ત્ર રહેવાય... (ક્રમશ:)(Suman Shah)
"I have grown old without being bored, Existence is still a strange thing to me , and as a stranger I give it Welcome." (G.K Chesterton)
It is helpful ma'am. Thanks!
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